Every teacher encountered these words “interpreting test scores” what is it? Interpreting tests scores can be norm-referenced or criterion-referenced. The results of norm-referenced tests tell us how a person compares against others. Results from criterion-referenced tests tell what a person has achieved against a set of learning goals. Norm-referenced tests usually use a set of standardized norms against which to measure the test taker. Criterion-referenced tests usually employ analysis by content cluster or content and performance standards.
Educational tests are somewhat hard to interpret because they do not have a true zero point. We can talk about length of an object having a zero starting point but it is difficult to talk about true zero learning.The interpretation of test results is also handicapped by the inequality of units of measurement. While we know that there is exactly one inch between one inch and two inches, we cannot assume that there is an exactly similar distance between grades of B and a C or an A and a B.There are a variety of ways for interpreting test scores. For criterion-referenced tests these include raw scores and percentages. For norm-referenced tests, choices include raw scores and derived scores such as percentiles and grade equivalents.
Grade norms have been widely used with standardized achievement tests especially at the elementary school level. The grade equivalent that corresponds to a particular raw score identifies the grade level at which the typical student obtains that raw score. Grade equivalents are based on the performance of students in the norm group in each of two or more grades.
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